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:''For the astronomer, see Ptolemy; for others named "Ptolemy" or "Ptolemaeus", see Ptolemy (disambiguation).'' Ptolemy I Soter I (, ''Ptolemaĩos Sōtḗr'', i.e. Ptolemy (pronounced ) the Savior), also known as Ptolemy Lagides,〔( The decree of Ptolemy Lagides )〕 c. 367 BC – c. 283 BC, was a Macedonian general under Alexander the Great, who became ruler of Egypt (323–283 BC) and founder of the Ptolemaic Kingdom and dynasty. In 305/4 BC he demanded the title of pharaoh. His successors ruled Egypt for approximately three centuries, turning Egypt into a Hellenistic kingdom and a center of Greek culture. Like all Macedonian nobles, Ptolemy I Soter claimed descent from Heracles, or sometimes Hercules, the mythical founder of the Argead dynasty that ruled Macedon. Ptolemy's mother was Arsinoe of Macedon, and, while his father is unknown, ancient sources variously describe him either as the son of Lagus, a Macedonian nobleman, or as an illegitimate son of Philip II of Macedon (which, if true, would have made Ptolemy the half-brother of Alexander), but it is possible that this is a later myth fabricated to glorify the Ptolemaic dynasty. Ptolemy was one of Alexander's most trusted generals, and was among the seven ''somatophylakes'' (bodyguards) attached to his person. He was a few years older than Alexander, and had been his intimate friend since childhood. He was succeeded by his son Ptolemy II Philadelphus. ==Early career== Ptolemy served with Alexander from his first campaigns, and played a principal part in the later campaigns in Afghanistan and India. He participated in the Battle of Issus and accompanied Alexander during his journey to the Oracle in the Siwa Oasis where he was proclaimed a son of Zeus. Ptolemy had his first independent command during the campaign against the rebel Bessus whom Ptolemy captured and handed over to Alexander for execution. During Alexander's campaign in the Indian subcontinent Ptolemy was in command of the advance guard at the siege of Aornos and fought at the Battle of the Hydaspes River. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Ptolemy I Soter」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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